Gymnopus confluens (Pers.) Antonín, Halling & Noordel.
(Clustered Toughshank)

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesGymnopus confluens (Clustered Toughshank)
GenusGymnopus (a genus of toughshank toadstools)
FamilyOMPHALOTACEAE (a family of toadstools)
OrderAGARICALES (mushrooms and toadstools)
SubclassAGARICOMYCETIDAE (a subclass of basidiomycetes)
ClassAGARICOMYCETES (a class of fungi)
SubphylumAGARICOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of fungi)
PhylumBASIDIOMYCOTA (spore droppers, basidiomycetes)
KingdomFUNGI (true fungi)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
Records of Gymnopus confluens (Clustered Toughshank) :
1: Gymnopus confluens (Clustered Toughshank)
1 Nov 2014 OSGR: SU22 50° 60’ N, 1° 40’ W Vice County: South Wilts (VC 8) England
on bleached litter
Image 1: Cap - LS - white backgroundImage 2: Caps - side view - white backgroundImage 3: Cap underside - white backgroundImage 4: Fruitbodies and bleached litter from which they grewImage 5: Fruitbodies - old - top viewImage 6: Fruitbodies - side viewImage 7: Fruitbodies - side view - natural backgroundImage 8: Fruitbodies - side view - white backgroundImage 9: Fruitbodies - top viewImage 10: Fruitbodies - young - top viewImage 11: Gills - enlarged - white backgroundImage 12: Spore print + iodine - enlarged - white backgroundImage 13: Spore print - enlarged - white backgroundImage 14: Stipe bases - enlarged - white backgroundImage 15: Stipe bases - enlarged - white background (2)Image 16: Stipe - close-up - enlargedImage 17: Stipe - close-up - enlarged (2)Image 18: Cap cuticle hyphae - highly magnifiedImage 19: Cap cuticle - magnifiedImage 20: Cap cuticle - magnified (2)Image 21: Cap cuticle - magnified (3)Image 22: Cheilocystidia - highly magnifiedImage 23: Cheilocystidia - highly magnified (2)Image 24: Cheilocystidia - highly magnified (3)Image 25: Cheilocystidia - highly magnified (4)Image 26: Gill edge with cheilocystidia - magnifiedImage 27: Gill edge with cheilocystidia - magnified (2)Image 28: Gill edge with cheilocystidia - magnified (3)Image 29: Spores - magnifiedImage 30: Spores - magnified (2)Image 31: Spores - highly magnified
2: Gymnopus confluens (Clustered Toughshank)
1 Oct 2000 OSGR: SU26 51° 20’ N, 1° 40’ W Vice County: North Wilts (VC 7) England
Image 1: Fruitbodies - dryImage 2: Fruitbodies - moist & dryImage 3: Fruitbodies - moist & dry (2)Image 4: Ring of fruitbodiesImage 5: Ring of fruitbodies (2)Image 6: Ring of fruitbodies (3)
3: Gymnopus confluens (Clustered Toughshank)
30 Jul 1980 OSGR: SU26 51° 20’ N, 1° 40’ W Vice County: North Wilts (VC 7) England
Image 1: CapsImage 2: Lain down - side viewImage 3: Lain down - side view (2)Image 4: Side viewImage 5: Side view (2)Image 6: Side view - close-upImage 7: Upturned - showing gills and uper stipeImage 8: Caulocystidia - magnifiedImage 9: Cheilocystidia - magnifiedImage 10: Spores - highly magnifiedImage 11: DescriptionImage 12: Description - contd
4: Gymnopus confluens (Clustered Toughshank)
28 Sep 1975 OSGR: SD77 54° 10’ N, 2° 20’ W Vice County: Mid-west Yorks (VC 64) England
Image 1: Group - side view

Gymnopus confluens (Clustered Toughshank) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Gymnopus confluens (Clustered Toughshank)
BioInfoBioInfo (www.bioinfo.org.uk) has 4 host/parasite/foodplant and/or other relationships for Gymnopus confluens (Clustered Toughshank)
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