Plantago major L.
(Greater Plantain)

Interactions where Plantago major is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
		has sap sucked by			Brachycaudus helichrysi	Leaf-curling Plum Aphid	Hemiptera: Aphididae	Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962, Fjelddalen, J., 1964	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Brachycaudus (Brachycaudus) helichrysi/	Brachycaudus (Brachycaudus) helichrysi	leaf-curling plum aphid					Foodplant / sap sucker		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain								sucks sap of
(live)		live is parasitised by conidial anamorph			Golovinomyces sordidus	Plantain Mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Golovinomyces sordidus/	Golovinomyces sordidus	plantain mildew				conidial anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		live					(9-10)	conidial anamorph parasitises live
(live)		live is parasitised by cleistothecium			Golovinomyces sordidus	Plantain Mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Golovinomyces sordidus/	Golovinomyces sordidus	plantain mildew				cleistothecium	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		live					(9-10)	cleistothecium parasitises live
flower (live)		live flower has sap sucked by			Myzus cerasi	Cherry Blackfly, Cherry Aphid	Hemiptera: Aphididae	Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962, Fjelddalen, J., 1964	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Myzus (Myzus) cerasi/	Myzus (Myzus) cerasi	cherry blackfly, cherry aphid					Foodplant / sap sucker		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		live	flower					sucks sap of live flower
leaf (esp. young) (live)		live leaf (esp. young) is spotted by gregarious, dark brown pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph			Ascochyta plantaginis	a coelomycete	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ascochyta plantaginis/	Ascochyta plantaginis	a coelomycete		gregarious, dark brown	pycnidium	Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		live	leaf (esp. young)				(6-11)	gregarious, dark brown pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf (esp. young)
leaf		leaf is grazed by adult			Chrysolina haemoptera	Plantain Leaf Beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Chrysolina haemoptera/	Chrysolina haemoptera	plantain leaf beetle				adult	Foodplant / open feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain			leaf			Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally induced		adult grazes on leaf
leaf (fading)		fading leaf is spotted by epiphyllous, covered then erumpent pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph			Septoria plantaginea	a leaf-spot fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria plantaginea/	Septoria plantaginea	a leaf-spot fungus		epiphyllous, covered then erumpent	pycnidium	Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		fading	leaf					epiphyllous, covered then erumpent pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on fading leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is mined by larva			Phytomyza plantaginis	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Phytomyza plantaginis/	Phytomyza plantaginis	a leaf-mining fly				larva	Foodplant / miner			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		live	leaf		Major			larva mines live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by scattered pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph			Phyllosticta plantaginis	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta plantaginis/	Phyllosticta plantaginis	a coelomycete		scattered	pycnidium	Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		live	leaf				(8)	scattered pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by mainly hypophyllous, greyish-white, punctiform to effuse caespituli of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph			Ramularia rhabdospora	an anamorphic fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia rhabdospora/	Ramularia rhabdospora	an anamorphic fungus		mainly hypophyllous, greyish-white, punctiform to effuse	caespituli	Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		live	leaf				(3-10)	mainly hypophyllous, greyish-white, punctiform to effuse caespituli of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by amphigenous, punctiform to effuse, greyish-white caespituli of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph			Ramularia rhabdospora	an anamorphic fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998 Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia rhabdospora/	Ramularia rhabdospora	an anamorphic fungus		amphigenous, punctiform to effuse, greyish-white	caespituli	Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		live	leaf		Major			amphigenous, punctiform to effuse, greyish-white caespituli of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
stem (upper part) (dead)		dead stem (upper part) is decayed by immersed under blackish-brown epidermis pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph			Phomopsis subordinaria	a coelomycete	Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis subordinaria/	Phomopsis subordinaria	a coelomycete		immersed under blackish-brown epidermis	pycnidium	Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		dead	stem (upper part)				(6-11)	immersed under blackish-brown epidermis pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem (upper part)
stem (upper part) (live, down-curved)		live, down-curved stem (upper part) is parasitised by immersed under blackish-brown epidermis pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph			Phomopsis subordinaria	a coelomycete	Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis subordinaria/	Phomopsis subordinaria	a coelomycete		immersed under blackish-brown epidermis	pycnidium	Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Plantago major/	Plantago major	greater plantain		live, down-curved	stem (upper part)				(6-11)	immersed under blackish-brown epidermis pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph parasitises live, down-curved stem (upper part)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Braun, U., 1998	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II	Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Cox, M.L., 2007	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland	336pp, Pisces Publications
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Fjelddalen, J., 1964	Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962	Norsk. Ent. Tidskr. 12: 259-295.
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Ing, B., 1990	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews	Mycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Spencer, K.A., 1972	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London

Plantago major (Greater Plantain) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Plantago
(plantains)

PLANTAGINACEAE
(toadflaxes, speedwells, foxgloves and plantains)

EU-DICOTS
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Herbaceous Plants
(herbaceous plants)

Subtaxon				Rank	Featured subtaxa	No of interactions	No of references
Plantago major ssp major Greater Plantain				Subspecies		1 trophisms

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Plantago major (Greater Plantain)
Genus	Plantago (plantains)
Family	PLANTAGINACEAE (toadflaxes, speedwells, foxgloves and plantains)
Order	LAMIALES (dead-nettles, eye-brights, foxgloves and speedwells)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Plantago major is also a member of:
Herbaceous Plants - herbaceous plants (via Plantaginaceae)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Plantago major (Greater Plantain)

Plantago major (Greater Plantain) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Plantago major (Greater Plantain):

Plantago
(plantains)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

BioImages

BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 17 images of Plantago major (Greater Plantain)

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