BioImages: The Virtual Field-Guide (UK)

Viola (violets)

Subtaxa

Rank Taxon #subtaxa #photos #macrophotos #microphotos #refs #webs
Species Viola arvensis Murray (Field Pansy)   3       2
Species Viola canina L. (Heath Dog-violet) 1 8       12
Species Viola cornuta L. (Horned Pansy)           8
Hybrid Viola cornuta x wittrockiana (Violetta, Bedding Viola)           1
Species Viola hirta L. (Hairy Violet)   13 11     13
Species Viola lactea Smith (Pale Dog-violet)   14        
Species Viola lutea Hudson (Mountain Pansy)   3     1 6
Species Viola odorata L. (Sweet Violet) 4 10 17 1   12
Species Viola palustris L. (Marsh Violet) 1 7       3
Species Viola persicifolia Schreber (Fen Violet)   7        
Species Viola reichenbachiana Jordan ex Boreau (Early Dog-violet)   12     2 11
Hybrid Viola reichenbachiana x riviniana (V. x bavarica) (a violet) 1          
Synonym Viola x bavarica (V. reichenbachiana x riviniana)         1  
Species Viola riviniana Reichb. (Common Dog-violet, Blunt-spurred Violet)   20 8   1 13
Species Viola tricolor L. (Wild Pansy) 2 15       18
Hybrid Viola x wittrockiana (V. altaica x lutea x tricolor) (Garden Pansy)           10
Informal (Viola sp. cult.) (Cultivated Violets) 3         35

Suggested Literature

Viola may be covered by literature listed under:

BIOTA
(living things)
Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)
PLANTAE
(plants)
SPERMATOPHYTA
(vascular plants)
MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)
MAGNOLIIDAE
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

Feeding and other inter-species relationships

Associated with Viola:

(live) live is parasitised by sporangium Peronospora violae - Pansy Downy Mildew (Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae) UK/Ireland Preece, T.F., 2002
is foodplant of larva Orobitis cyaneus - Violet Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Bullock, J.A., 1992
is foodplant of pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph Septoria violae - a coelomycete (Mycosphaerellales: Mycosphaerellaceae) UK/Ireland Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
is galled by larva Dasineura violae - a gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
bud (live, distorted) live, distorted bud has sap sucked by Aulacorthum circumflexum - Mottled Arum Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 [indoors and under glass]
flower (live, distorted) live, distorted flower has sap sucked by Aulacorthum circumflexum - Mottled Arum Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 [indoors and under glass]
flower bud flower bud may be infected and damaged by Aphelenchoides blastophthorus - Scabious Bud Eelworm Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 [bud killed or produces poor flower]
growth (young) (stunted, distorted, scarred) stunted, distorted, scarred growth (young) may be infected and damaged by Aphelenchoides fragariae - Leaf Eelworm Major Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
leaf (live) live leaf is galled by communal larva Dasineura affinis - Violet Leaf Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 [leaf thickens and rolls upwards and inwards]
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
leaf (live) live leaf is galled by Myzus ornatus - Violet Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Major Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
leaf (live, distorted) live, distorted leaf has sap sucked by Aulacorthum circumflexum - Mottled Arum Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 [indoors and under glass]
leaf (yellow, transparent) yellow, transparent leaf may be infected and damaged by Aphelenchoides fragariae - Leaf Eelworm Major Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 [leaf turns yellow and transparent from the margin]
leaf leaf is galled by Eriophyes violae - a gall mite (Tarsonemoidea: Eriophyidae) Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
leaf leaf is galled by Peronospora violae - Pansy Downy Mildew (Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae) Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
leaf leaf is mined by larva Metopomyza violiphaga - a leaf-mining fly (Diptera: Agromyzidae) Restricted Robbins, R., 1990 [a short corridor leading to an upper surface blotch]
Spencer, K.A., 1972 [shallow white blotch mine with short linear initial section]
leaf leaf may have puparium Metopomyza violiphaga - a leaf-mining fly (Diptera: Agromyzidae) Restricted Spencer, K.A., 1972
ovary ovary is galled by larva Calliopum aeneum agg. (Diptera: Lauxaniidae) Questionable Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
stem (live, distorted) live, distorted stem has sap sucked by Aulacorthum circumflexum - Mottled Arum Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 [indoors and under glass]
stem stem is galled by Peronospora violae - Pansy Downy Mildew (Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae) Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986

Viola may be associated with more taxa listed at higher taxonomic level

SPERMATOPHYTA
(vascular plants)
MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)
MAGNOLIIDAE
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

References

Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants
Bullock, J.A., 1992 Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Fungi of the South East England
Preece, T.F., 2002 A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles
Robbins, R., 1990 A Provisional Atlas of The Leaf Miners of Warwickshire, with notes on others occurring in the Midlands
Spencer, K.A., 1972 Diptera: Agromyzidae
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986 Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls

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