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BioImages: The Virtual Field-Guide (UK)
Russula Pers., 1796 (brittlegill toadstools, russulas)
Records (and photo sets)
| Taxon |
Summary |
Date |
Vice-county |
Country |
 |
 |
| Russula |
Fruitbody |
9 August 2001 |
Berks |
England |
|
3 |
| Russula |
Fruitbody |
22 August 1978 |
(Scotland) |
Scotland |
2 |
|
| Russula |
Fruitbody |
16 August 1970 |
East Sussex |
England |
1 |
|
Subtaxa
| Rank |
Taxon |
 |
|
 |
|
 |
 |
| Species |
Russula acetolens Rauschert, 1989 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula acrifolia Romagn., 1997 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula adusta (Pers.) Fr., 1821 (Winecork Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
| Species |
Russula aeruginea Fr., 1863 (Green Brittlegill) |
|
24 |
1 |
10 |
1 |
2 |
| Species |
Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr., 1874 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
2 |
| Species |
Russula alnetorum Romagn., 1956 (a brittlegill) |
|
4 |
|
20 |
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula alutacea (Fr.) Fr., 1838 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula amarissima Romagn. & E.-J. Gilbert, 1943 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula amethystina Quél., 1897 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Aggregate |
Russula amoenolens agg. (a group of greyish brown russulas) |
2 |
24 |
|
9 |
|
4 |
| Species |
Russula anatina Romagn., 1967 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula anthracina Romagn., 1962 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
| Species |
Russula aquosa Leclair, 1932 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
| Species |
Russula atropurpurea (Krombh.) Britzelm., 1893 (Purple Brittlegill, Blackish-purple Russula) |
|
17 |
|
7 |
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula atrorubens Quél., 1898 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula aurantiaca (Jul. Schäff.) Romagn., 1967 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula aurea Pers., 1796 (Gilded Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula aurora (Krombh.) Bres., 1892 (Dawn Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
| Species |
Russula azurea Bres., 1881 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula badia Quél., 1881 (Burning Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula betularum Hora, 1960 (Birch Brittlegill) |
|
14 |
|
7 |
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula brunneoviolacea Crawshay, 1930 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
| Species |
Russula caerulea (Pers.) Fr., 1838 (Humpback Brittlegill) |
|
4 |
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula campestris (Romagn.) Romagn., 1967 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula carminipes J. Blum, 1954 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula carpini R. Girard & Heinem., 1956 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula cavipes Britzelm., 1893 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula cessans A. Pearson, 1950 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula chloroides (Krombh.) Bres., 1900 (Blue Band Brittlegill) |
|
16 |
2 |
3 |
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula claroflava Grove, 1888 (Yellow Swamp Brittlegill, Yellow Swamp Russula) |
|
39 |
6 |
15 |
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula cremeoavellanea Singer, 1936 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula cuprea Krombh., 1845 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula curtipes F.H. Møller & Jul. Schäff., 1935 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fr., 1863 (Charcoal Burner) |
|
6 |
|
|
1 |
5 |
| Species |
Russula decipiens (Singer) Svrcek, 1967 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula decolorans (Fr.) Fr., 1838 (Copper Brittlegill) |
|
3 |
|
|
1 |
1 |
| Species |
Russula delica Fr., 1838 (Milk White Brittlegill, Milk White Russula) |
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
| Species |
Russula densifolia Secr. ex Gillet, 1876 (Crowded Brittlegill) |
|
12 |
9 |
6 |
1 |
5 |
| Species |
Russula emetica (Schaeff.) Pers., 1796 (Sickener) |
|
2 |
|
|
|
4 |
| Species |
Russula emeticicolor Jul. Schäff., 1937 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula exalbicans (Pers.) Melzer & Zvára, 1927 (Bleached Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula farinipes Romell, 1893 (a brittlegill) |
|
3 |
|
|
|
4 |
| Species |
Russula fellea (Fr.) Fr., 1825 (Geranium Brittlegill, Geranium-scented Russula) |
|
6 |
|
|
|
4 |
| Aggregate |
Russula foetens agg. (foetid brittlegills) |
5 |
21 |
11 |
7 |
1 |
19 |
| Species |
Russula font-queri Singer, 1936 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula fragilis (Pers.) Fr., 1825 (Fragile Brittlegill, Fragile Russula) |
2 |
29 |
5 |
30 |
|
4 |
| Species |
Russula fragrantissima Romagn., 1967 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula fusconigra M.M. Moser, 1979 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula fuscorubroides Bon, 1976 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula gigasperma Romagn., 1967 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula gracillima Jul. Schäff., 1931 (Slender Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula grisea (Pers.) Fr., 1838 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula helodes Melzer, 1929 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
| Species |
Russula heterophylla (Fr.) Fr., 1838 (Greasy Green Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
4 |
| Species |
Russula innocua (Singer) Bon, 1982 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula insignis (Quél.) Quél., 1888 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula integra (L.) Fr., 1838 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula intermedia P. Karst., 1888 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula ionochlora Romagn., 1952 (Oilslick Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula laccata Huijsman, 1955 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
3 |
| Species |
Russula laeta Jul. Schäff., 1952 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula langei Bon, 1970 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula lateritia Quél., 1885 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula lilacea Quél., 1877 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula luteotacta Rea, 1922 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
4 |
| Species |
Russula maculata Quél. & Roze, 1877 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula melitodes Romagn., 1943 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula melliolens Quél., 1901 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula melzeri Zvára, 1927 (Scurfy Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
3 |
| Species |
Russula minutula Velen., 1920 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula mustelina Fr., 1838 (Russet Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula nana Killerm., 1936 (Alpine Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula nauseosa (Pers.) Fr., 1838 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula nigricans (Bull.) Fr., 1838 (Blackening Brittlegill, Blackening Russula) |
|
12 |
|
8 |
1 |
10 |
| Species |
Russula nitida (Pers.) Fr., 1838 (Purple Swamp Brittlegill) |
|
4 |
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula nobilis Velen., 1920 (Beechwood Sickener) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula ochroleuca Pers., 1796 (Ochre Brittlegill, Common Yellow Russula) |
|
12 |
|
6 |
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula odorata Romagn., 1950 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula olivacea (Schaeff.) Fr., 1838 (Olive Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula paludosa Britzelm., 1890 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula parazurea Jul. Schäff., 1931 (Powdery Brittlegill) |
|
7 |
|
|
|
4 |
| Species |
Russula pascua (F.H. Møller & Jul. Schäff.) Kühner, 1975 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula pectinata (Bull.) Fr., 1838 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
| Species |
Russula pectinatoides Peck, 1907 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula pelargonia Niolle, 1941 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula persicina Krombh., 1845 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula poichilochroa Sarnari, 1990 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula postiana Romell, 1912 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula praetervisa Sarnari, 1998 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
3 |
| Species |
Russula pseudoaeruginea (Romagn.) Kuyper & Vuure, 1985 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula pseudoaffinis Migl. & Nicolaj, 1985 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula pseudoimpolita Sarnari, 1987 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula pseudointegra Arnaud & Goris, 1907 (Scarlet Brittlegill) |
|
7 |
|
20 |
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula puellaris Fr., 1838 (Yellowing Brittlegill) |
|
4 |
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula puellula Ebbesen, F.H. Møller & Jul. Schäff., 1952 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula pungens Beardslee, 1918 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula queletii Fr., 1872 (Fruity Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
2 |
| Species |
Russula raoultii Quél., 1886 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula renidens Ruots., Sarnari & Vauras, 1998 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula rhodomelanea Brumm. (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula risigallina (Batsch) Sacc., 1915 (Golden Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula romellii Maire, 1910 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula rosea Pers., 1796 (Rosy Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula ruberrima Romagn., 1950 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula rubroalba (Singer) Romagn., 1967 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula rutila Romagn., 1952 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula sanguinaria (Schumach.) Rauschert, 1989 (Bloody Brittlegill) |
|
6 |
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula sardonia Fr., 1838 (Primrose Brittlegill) |
|
8 |
1 |
|
2 |
4 |
| Species |
Russula scotica A. Pearson, 1939 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
2 |
| Species |
Russula sericatula Romagn., 1958 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula silvestris (Singer) Reumaux, 1996 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula solaris Ferd. & Winge, 1924 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula sphagnophila Kauffman, 1909 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula stenotricha Romagn., 1962 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula subrubens (J.E. Lange) Bon, 1972 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
| Species |
Russula taeniospora Einhell., 1986 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula torulosa Bres., 1929 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
2 |
1 |
| Species |
Russula turci Bres., 1881 (a brittlegill) |
|
18 |
2 |
10 |
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula unicolor Romagn., 1967 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula velenovskyi Melzer & Zvára, 1927 (Coral Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula versicolor Jul. Schäff., 1931 (Variable Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Species |
Russula vesca Fr., 1836 (The Flirt, Bare-toothed Russula) |
|
18 |
1 |
15 |
|
4 |
| Species |
Russula veternosa Fr., 1838 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula vinosa Lindblad, 1901 (Darkening Brittlegill) |
|
15 |
|
10 |
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula vinosobrunnea (Bres.) Romagn., 1967 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula vinosopurpurea Jul. Schäff., 1938 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula violacea Quél., 1883 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula violeipes Quél., 1898 (Velvet Brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
| Species |
Russula virescens (Schaeff.) Fr., 1836 (Greencracked Brittlegill) |
|
|
3 |
|
1 |
2 |
| Species |
Russula viscida Kudrna, 1928 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
1 |
| Species |
Russula xenochlora P.D. Orton, 1999 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| Aggregate |
Russula xerampelina agg. (crab brittlegills) |
5 |
11 |
|
|
1 |
12 |
| Species |
Russula zonatula Ebbesen & Jul. Schäff., 1952 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Species |
Russula zvarae Velen., 1920 (a brittlegill) |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Suggested Literature
Identification Works
| Cullington, P., 2004 (Green species) |
Those Green Russulas! |
| Galli, R., 1996 |
Le Russule |
| Kibby, G., 2001 (Blackening species in section Compactae) |
Key to blackening species of Russula of section Compactae |
| Kibby, G., 2001 |
Synoptic Keys to the British species of the Genus Russula (excluding subgenus Compactae) |
| Kibby, G., 2003 |
Key to British species of Russula in the R. xerampelina group |
| Rayner, R.W., 1985 |
Keys to the British Species of Russula |
| Sarneri, M., 1998 |
Monografia Illustrata del genere Russula in Europa |
| Tortelli, Mario, 2004 |
Use of Guaiac in the Identification of Russula |
General Works
| Fatto, R. & Kibby, G., 2000 |
Cross-off sheets for easy recording of Fungi - 1 Russula |
| Howland, P., 2006, … a (grey) squirrel clasping a … Russula, Field Mycology, Vol 7(3): 74 (Colour photograph) |
… a (grey) squirrel clasping a … Russula |
| Leake, J.R., 2005 |
Plants parasitic on fungi: unearthing the fungi in myco-heterotrophs and debunking the "saprophytic" plant myth |
| Taylor, A.S. & Alexander, I., 2005 (hydrophilic mantle) |
The ectomycorrhizal symbiosis: life in the real world |
Russula may also be covered by literature listed under:
Feeding and other inter-species relationships
Associated with Russula:
|
|
is associate of larva |
Mydaea humeralis - a muscid fly (Diptera: Muscidae) |
|
d’Assis-Fonseca, E.C.M., 1968 |
|
basidiome (decaying) |
decaying basidiome is decayed by fruitbody |
Collybia cirrhata - Piggyback Shanklet (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
|
basidiome (decaying) |
decaying basidiome is decayed by sclerotium |
Collybia cookei - Splitpea Shanklet (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
 |
basidiome (decaying) |
decaying basidiome is decayed by sclerotium |
Collybia tuberosa - Lentil Shanklet (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
|
basidiome (mummified) |
mummified basidiome is decayed by fruitbody |
Collybia cirrhata - Piggyback Shanklet (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
|
basidiome (mummified) |
mummified basidiome is decayed by sclerotium |
Collybia cookei - Splitpea Shanklet (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
|
basidiome (mummified) |
mummified basidiome is decayed by sclerotium |
Collybia tuberosa - Lentil Shanklet (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
|
fruitbody (decayed) |
decayed fruitbody is parasitised by fruitbody |
Asterophora lycoperdoides - Powdery Piggyback (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
|
fruitbody (decayed) |
decayed fruitbody is parasitised by fruitbody |
Asterophora parasitica - Silky Piggyback (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
|
fruitbody (moribund) |
moribund fruitbody is parasitised by fruitbody |
Asterophora lycoperdoides - Powdery Piggyback (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
|
fruitbody (moribund) |
moribund fruitbody is parasitised by fruitbody |
Asterophora parasitica - Silky Piggyback (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
|
fruitbody (rotted) |
rotted fruitbody is decayed by subiculate perithecium |
Hypomyces ochraceus - an ascomycete (Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae) |
|
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1998 |
|
fruitbody |
fruitbody is food source of |
Sciurus carolinensis - Grey Squirrel (Rodentia: Sciuridae) |
|
Howland, P., 2006, … a (grey) squirrel clasping a … Russula, Field Mycology, Vol 7(3): 74 |
|
fruitbody |
fruitbody is parasitised by Verticillium anamorph |
Hypomyces ochraceus - an ascomycete (Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae) |
|
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1998 |
|
fruitbody |
fruitbody is parasitised by sporangium |
Syzygites megalocarpus - Toadstool Pin Mould (Mucorales: Mucoraceae) |
|
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1998 |
Russula may be associated with more taxa listed at higher taxonomic level
References
| Howland, P., 2006, … a (grey) squirrel clasping a … Russula, Field Mycology, Vol 7(3): 74 |
… a (grey) squirrel clasping a … Russula |
| d’Assis-Fonseca, E.C.M., 1968 |
Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) Muscidae |
| Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1998 |
Microfungi on Miscellaneous Substrates: An Identification Handbook |
| Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota |
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