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BioImages: The Virtual Field-Guide (UK)
BIOTA (living things)
| Notes (MWS) |
Pronunciation of Scientific names:
Scientific names are expressed in Latin. The individual words or parts of words may be derived from other languages, eg Greek, or the names of places or people, but the resulting words are always Latinised, so it's the pronunciation Latin that is our concern.
There are four competing conventions for pronouncing Latin (as follows, each with relevant pronunciation of Julius Caesar):
Anglo-Latin JOO-lee-us SEE-ser
Classical Latin (or reconstructed ancient Roman) YOO-lee-us KYE-sahr
Church Latin YOO-lee-us CHAY-sahr
The northern continental European tradition YOO-lee-us T(SAY)-sahr
Anglo-Latin (Ommundsen) and (northern continental European) are the preferred conventions for Latin names. These differs from Classical Latin, which will be familiar to those who learnt Latin at school, and Church Latin which will be recognised by those who sing in choirs.
Many people pronounce occasional scientific names in other ways, and local idiosyncracies often evolve among people who work together. Naturalists rarely worry about being "book correct", but these rules are useful to settle arguments about which is "right".
Personally, what I hear and say seems stick fairly closely to Anglo-Latin, but I like to make an exception where the word is obviously two words joined together when it can be helpful to stress the separate parts. |
Subtaxa
Suggested Literature
Identification Works
| Biodiversity Heritage Library: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/About.aspx |
Web Site/Page |
| British Galls: http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/british_galls/join (Galls and gall formers) |
E-forum |
| Systema Naturae 2000: http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Taxonomicon/Default.aspx |
Web Site/Page |
| Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 |
Pest, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants |
| DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy: http://delta-intkey.com |
Web Site/Page |
| FreshwaterLife: http://www.freshwaterlife.info (Freshwater species) |
Web Site/Page |
| Greenhalgh, M. & Ovenden, D., 2007 (fresh and brackish water species) |
Freshwater Life of Britain and Northern Europe |
| ICES Identification leaflets for Plankton: http://www.ices.dk/products/fiche/Plankton/INDEX.PDF |
Web Site/Page |
| Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992 |
Plant Galls |
| Redfern, M. & Shirley, P., 2002 |
British Plant Galls - Identification of galls on plants and fungi |
| Bioimages - the Virtual Field Guide: http://www.bioimages.org.uk |
Web Site/Page |
| UK Biodiversity Action Plan: http://www.ukbap.org.uk |
Web Site/Page |
| Ward H.B. & Whipple G.C., 1959 |
Freshwater Biology |
General Works
| 101Science - Biological Stains: http://www.101science.com/Stains.html |
Web Site/Page |
| Acts of the UK Parliament - Office of Public Sector Information: http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts.htm |
Web Site/Page |
| British Association of Nature Conservationists: http://www.banc.org.uk |
Web Site/Page |
| British Naturalists Association: http://www.bna-naturalists.org |
Web Site/Page |
| British Plant Gall Society: http://www.british-galls.org.uk (Galls and gall formers) |
Web Site/Page |
| British Waterways: http://www.britishwaterways.co.uk |
Web Site/Page |
| British Wildlife |
Journal |
| BTCV - British Trust for Conservation Volunteers: http://www2.btcv.org.uk/ |
Web Site/Page |
| Countryside Council for Wales: http://www.ccw.gov.uk/ |
Web Site/Page |
| Defence Estates Website: http://www.defence-estates.mod/uk/conservation_enviro/index.htm |
Web Site/Page |
| Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): http://www.eol.org/ |
Web Site/Page |
| English Nature's SSSI search page: http://www.english-nature.org.uk/special/sssi/search.cfm |
Web Site/Page |
| Environment Agency: http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/ |
Web Site/Page |
| FBA: Freshwater Biological Association: http://www.fba.org.uk |
Web Site/Page |
| Geograph: http://www.geograph.org.uk |
Web Site/Page |
| Global Biodiversity Information Facility: http://www.gbif.org/ |
Web Site/Page |
| Google Earth: http://earth.google.com/ |
Web Site/Page |
| GroupAccommodation.com: http://www.groupaccommodation.com |
Web Site/Page |
| Helicon Focus web-site: http://heliconfilter.com/pages/index.php?id=509 |
Web Site/Page |
| Integrated Taxonomic Information System: http://www.itis.usda.gov/ |
Web Site/Page |
| JNCC - Joint Nature Conservation Committee: http://www.jncc.gov.uk/ |
Web Site/Page |
| Journal of Ecology (J. Ecology) |
Journal |
| Linnean Society: http://www.linnean.org |
Web Site/Page |
| Microscope discussion group: http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/microscope/join |
E-forum |
| Natural England: http://www.naturalengland.org.uk |
Web Site/Page |
| Nature's Calendar: http://www.naturescalendar.org.uk |
Web Site/Page |
| old-maps.co.uk: http://www.old-maps.co.uk |
Web Site/Page |
| OS grid reference to vice-county conversion: http://herbariaunited.org/gridrefVC/ |
Web Site/Page |
| Scottish Natural Heritage: http://www.snh.org.uk/ |
Web Site/Page |
| Species 2000 - indexing the world's known species: http://www.sp2000.org/ |
Web Site/Page |
| The ARKive Project: http://www.arkive.org/ |
Web Site/Page |
| The Ecoport Project: http://www.ecoport.org |
Web Site/Page |
| The Wildlife Trusts: http://www.wildlifetrusts.org/ |
Web Site/Page |
| Tree of Life (TOL) project: http://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html |
Web Site/Page |
| UK Wildlife discussion group: http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/ukwildlife/join |
E-forum |
| Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org |
Web Site/Page |
| Wikispecies! A free directory of life: http://species.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page |
Web Site/Page |
| Abrahams, C., 2005 |
The ecology and management of drawdown zones |
| Ball, S.G., 1997 |
Recorder 3.3, A database for site-based species occurrence records |
| BBC Weather: http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/ukweather/ |
Web Site/Page |
PLANTGALLEN.COM - De site voor plantengallen bestuderend Nederland
: http://www.plantengallen.com/ (Galls) |
Web Site/Page |
| Bourn, N., Thomas, J., Stewart, K. & Clarke, R., 2002 |
Importance of habitat quality and isolation |
| Carter, I., Beebee, T. & Marren, P., 2003 |
Letters |
| Latin Pronunciation Demystified: http://www.ai.uga.edu/mc/latinpro.pdf |
Latin Pronunciation Demystified |
| Crowle, A., 2007 |
Letting our carbon go free - the sustainable management of carbon and blanket peat in the English uplands |
| Moon Phase Calculator: http://www.dacre.net/moon/moonframe.html |
Web Site/Page |
| Darwin, C., 1872 |
On the Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life |
| Davies, A. & I., 2002 |
Donating your land for wildlife - but who wants it? |
| Multi-Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside (MAGIC): http://www.magic.gov.uk |
Web Site/Page |
| MARBEF - Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning: http://www.marbef.org (Checklists of marine organisms (searchable database).) |
Web Site/Page |
| Everett, S., 2004 |
The Quality of Nature in England |
| Gaston, K.J. et al, 2007 |
Improving the contribution of urban gardens for wildlife: some guiding propositions |
| Gibbons, B. & L., 1996 |
Creating a Wildlife Garden |
| Hopkins, J., 2003 |
How is the countryside changing? |
| Hopkins, J., 2007 |
British Wildlife and Climate Change 2: Adapting to Climate Change |
| Hopkins, J., 2007 |
British Wildlife and Climate Change: 1. Evidence of Change |
| Biodiversity & Biological Collections: http://biocollections.org/ |
Web Site/Page |
| Conservation Designations for UK Taxa: http://www.jncc.gov.uk/page-3408 |
Web Site/Page |
| Marren, P., 2002 |
Introductions - are we conserving species at the expense of nature? |
| UK Weather Forecast - Met Office: http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/wearther/uk/uk_forecast_weather.html |
Web Site/Page |
| Proudman Oceanographic Laboratories:- Tide Predictions: http://www.pol.ac.uk/ntslf/tidalp.html |
Web Site/Page |
| Pronunciation of Biological Latin: http://www.saltspring.com/capewest/pron.htm |
Web Site/Page |
| Getamap: http://getamap.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/getamap/frames.htm |
Web Site/Page |
| Stoate, C., 2002 |
Behavioural ecology of farmers: what does it mean for wildlife? |
| TuFuse: http://www.tawbaware.com/tufuse.htm |
Web Site/Page |
| Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page |
Web Site/Page |
| Williams, M.A.J., 1994 |
Plant Galls |
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