Phallusia mammillata (Cuvier, 1815)
(Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesPhallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
FamilyASCIDIIDAE (a family of sea squirts)
SuborderPHLEBOBRANCHIA (a suborder of sea squirts)
OrderENTEROGONA (an order of sea squirts)
ClassASCIDIACEA (ascidians, sea-squirts)
SubphylumTUNICATA (ascidians, sea-squirts, tunicates)
PhylumCHORDATA (vertebrates)
SuperphylumDEUTEROSTOMIA (deuterostomes)
CladeBilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals)
SubkingdomEUMETAZOA (metazoans)
KingdomANIMALIA (animals)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
Records of Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt) :
1: Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
28 Sep 2011 OSGR: SY67 50° 30’ N, 2° 30’ W Vice County: Dorset (VC 9) England
near LWS
Image 1: Pair of sea squirts exposed at low tideImage 2: Under waterImage 3: Under water (2)
2: Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
21 Mar 2011 OSGR: SY67 50° 30’ N, 2° 30’ W Vice County: Dorset (VC 9) England
at low tide
Image 1: Siphons open - under waterImage 2: Siphons open - under water (2)Image 3: Under waterImage 4: Under water (2)Image 5: Under water (3)Image 6: Under water (4)Image 7: Under water (5)Image 8: Under water (6)Image 9: Under water (7)Image 10: Under water (8)Image 11: Under water (9)
3: Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
20 Mar 2011 OSGR: SY67 50° 30’ N, 2° 30’ W Vice County: Dorset (VC 9) England
Image 1: Under water - in situ
4: Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
20 Jan 2011 OSGR: SY67 50° 30’ N, 2° 30’ W Vice County: Dorset (VC 9) England
on old ?concrete substrate exposed at low spring tide
Image 1: Exposed at low tide and closed upImage 2: Exposed at low tide and closed up (2)Image 3: Exposed at low tide and closed up (3)Image 4: Oral and atrial siphons - open under-waterImage 5: Siphon - open under-waterImage 6: Siphons of two adjacent animals - open under-waterImage 7: Under water with siphons openImage 8: Under water with siphons open (2)
5: Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
26 Apr 2010 OSGR: SY67 50° 40’ N, 2° 30’ W Vice County: Dorset (VC 9) England
colony on inside of remains of small metal boat
Image 1: Sea squirts on old metal boat - at low tideImage 2: Sea squirts on old metal boat - close-up
6: Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
31 Mar 2010 OSGR: SY67 50° 40’ N, 2° 30’ W Vice County: Dorset (VC 9) England
on old breakwater . Photos: in situ, close-ups and dissection
Image 1: Gut surrounded by gonad - close-upImage 2: In situ - lateral viewImage 3: In situ - lateral view (2)Image 4: In situ - oblique viewImage 5: Lain downImage 6: Lain down - attached side uppermost - close-up - white backgroundImage 7: Lain down showing baseImage 8: Lain down - visible side uppermost - close-up - white backgroundImage 9: Loop of gut wall surrounded by gonad - cut open - close-upImage 10: Loop of gut wall surrounded by gonad - cut open - close-up (2)Image 11: TS - left sideImage 12: TS - right sideImage 13: Atrial siphon - close-up - enlargedImage 14: Atrial siphon - close-up - enlarged (2)Image 15: Branchial sac - wall texture and oral tentacles - close-up - magnifiedImage 16: Branchial sac - wall texture - close-up - magnifiedImage 17: Branchial sac - wall texture - close-up - magnified (2)Image 18: Branchial sac - wall texture - close-up - magnified (3)Image 19: Branchial sac - wall texture - close-up - magnified (4)Image 20: Branchial sac - wall texture - close-up - magnified (5)Image 21: Oral siphon - close-up - enlargedImage 22: Oral siphon - close-up - enlarged (2)Image 23: Oral siphon - TS - close-up - enlargedImage 24: Oral siphon - TS - close-up - enlarged (2)Image 25: Oral tentacles - close-up - magnified
7: Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
1 Mar 2010 OSGR: SY67 50° 40’ N, 2° 30’ W Vice County: Dorset (VC 9) England
live animal, attached to seaweed
Image 1: Live animal - in situImage 2: Live animal - in situ (2)Image 3: Live animal - squirting water when squeezed
8: Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
1 Mar 2010 OSGR: SY67 50° 40’ N, 2° 30’ W Vice County: Dorset (VC 9) England
live animal(s), attached to old concrete breakwater
Image 1: Live animal(s) - in situ

Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
BioInfoBioInfo (www.bioinfo.org.uk) has 0 host/parasite/foodplant and/or other relationships for Phallusia mammillata (Neptune’s Heart Sea Squirt)
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