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BioImages: The Virtual Field-Guide (UK)
Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. (Spear Thistle)
Records (and photo sets)
Suggested Literature
General Works
Cirsium vulgare may also be covered by literature listed under:
Feeding and other inter-species relationships
Associated with Cirsium vulgare:
 |
(live) |
live is parasitised by |
Golovinomyces cichoracearum - a powdery mildew (Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae) |
|
Ing, B., 1990 |
|
(live) |
live is parasitised by pycnium |
Puccinia cnici - a rust fungus (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 |
|
(live) |
live is parasitised by aecium |
Puccinia cnici - a rust fungus (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 |
|
|
is foodplant of larva |
Larinus planus - a weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) |
|
Bullock, J.A., 1992 |
|
|
is foodplant of larva |
Rhinocyllus conicus - a weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) |
|
Bullock, J.A., 1992 |
|
|
is foodplant of larva |
Terellia serratulae - a gall fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
|
White, I.M., 1988 |
|
|
is parasitised by |
Erysiphe mayorii - a powdery mildew (Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae) |
|
Ing, B., 1990 |
|
achene |
achene is galled by larva |
Urophora stylata - a gall fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
|
White, I.M., 1988 |
|
capitulum |
capitulum may contain larva |
Acanthiophilus helianthi - a gall fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
|
White, I.M., 1988 |
|
capitulum |
capitulum may contain larva |
Chaetostomella cylindrica - a gall fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
|
White, I.M., 1988 |
|
capitulum |
capitulum may contain larva |
Ensina sonchi - a gall fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
|
White, I.M., 1988 |
|
capitulum |
capitulum may contain larva |
Tephritis cometa - a gall fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
|
White, I.M., 1988 |
|
capitulum |
capitulum may contain larva |
Tephritis conura - a gall fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
|
White, I.M., 1988 |
|
capitulum |
capitulum may contain larva |
Terellia tussilaginis - a gall fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
|
White, I.M., 1988 |
|
capitulum |
capitulum may contain larva |
Xyphosia miliaria - a gall fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
|
White, I.M., 1988 |
|
involucre |
involucre has sap sucked by adult |
Tingis cardui - Spear Thistle Lacebug (Hemiptera: Tingidae) |
|
Redfern, M., 1968 |
|
involucre |
involucre has sap sucked by nymph |
Tingis cardui - Spear Thistle Lacebug (Hemiptera: Tingidae) |
|
Redfern, M., 1968 |
|
leaf (live) |
live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous uredium |
Puccinia cnici - a rust fungus (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 |
|
leaf (live) |
live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous telium |
Puccinia cnici - a rust fungus (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 |
|
leaf (live) |
live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous telium |
Puccinia cnici-oleracei - Yarrow Rust (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae) |
|
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
|
leaf (upper surface) (windowed) |
windowed leaf (upper surface) is grazed by larva |
Lema cyanella - a leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) |
|
Cox, M.L., 2007 [larvae dorsally carry a cover of excrement] |
|
leaf-mine |
leaf-mine may house puparium |
Phytomyza autumnalis - a leaf-mining fly (Diptera: Agromyzidae) |
|
Spencer, K.A., 1972 |
|
leaf |
leaf is mined by larva |
Phytomyza autumnalis - a leaf-mining fly (Diptera: Agromyzidae) |
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Spencer, K.A., 1972 [mine long, distinctly greenish] |
|
leaf |
leaf is grazed by adult |
Lema cyanella - a leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) |
|
Cox, M.L., 2007 |
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receptacle |
receptacle is galled by larva |
Urophora stylata - a gall fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
|
White, I.M., 1988 |
|
stem (dead) |
dead stem is decayed by immersed pseudothecium |
Leptosphaeria macrospora - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Leptosphaeriaceae) |
|
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 |
|
stem (dead) |
dead stem is decayed by partly immersed pseudothecium |
Leptosphaeria purpurea - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Leptosphaeriaceae) |
|
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 |
|
stem (dead) |
dead stem is decayed by immersed pseudothecium |
Ophiobolus acuminatus - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Leptosphaeriaceae) |
|
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 |
|
stem (dead) |
dead stem is decayed by immersed pseudothecium |
Nodulosphaeria dolioloides - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae) |
|
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 |
|
stem (dead, red stained (epidermis)) |
dead, red stained (epidermis) stem is decayed by immersed pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph |
Phoma rubella - a coelomycete (Pleosporales) |
|
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 |
|
stem? |
stem? may contain larva |
Apion carduorum - a seed weevil (Coleoptera: Apionidae) |
|
Morris, M.G., 1990 |
Cirsium vulgare may be associated with more taxa listed at higher taxonomic level
References
| Bullock, J.A., 1992 |
Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations |
| Cox, M.L., 2007 |
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland |
| Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 |
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook |
| Ing, B., 1990 |
An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews |
| Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 |
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota |
| Morris, M.G., 1990 |
Orthocerous Weevils |
| Redfern, M., 1968 |
The Natural History of Spear Thistle-heads |
| Spencer, K.A., 1972 |
Diptera: Agromyzidae |
| White, I.M., 1988 |
Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
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