BioImages: The Virtual Field-Guide (UK)

Euonymus (spindles)

Subtaxa

Rank	Taxon
Species	Euonymus europaeus L. (Spindle)	10	7	16
Variety	Euonymus fortunei var. radicans (a spindle)			1
Species	Euonymus japonicus L.f. (Evergreen Spindle, Japanese Spindle)			9
Species	Euonymus nanus (a spindle)			1
Species	Euonymus verrucosus (a spindle)			1

Suggested Literature

Euonymus may be covered by literature listed under:

Feeding and other inter-species relationships

Associated with Euonymus:

	(leaf (edge))	leaf (edge) is grazed by nocturnal imago	Otiorhynchus sulcatus - Vine Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)		RHS Gardening For All: http://www.rhs.org.uk/index.asp [evergreen species. Eats notches in leaf margin.]
	branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by synnema of Harpographium anamorph	Eutypella scoparia - a stromatic pyrenomycete (Xylariales: Diatrypaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 [under bark]
	branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by immersed, stromatic perithecium	Eutypella scoparia - a stromatic pyrenomycete (Xylariales: Diatrypaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 [under bark]
	branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by subcortical stroma	Eutypella scoparia - a stromatic pyrenomycete (Xylariales: Diatrypaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 [under bark]
	branch (fallen, dead)	fallen, dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Helminthosporium velutinum - a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus (Pleosporales: Pleomassariaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	twig (fallen, dead)	fallen, dead twig is decayed by effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Helminthosporium velutinum - a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus (Pleosporales: Pleomassariaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	wood	wood is decayed by immersed, often loosely grouped perithecium	Diaporthe eres - a pyrenomycete (Diaporthales: Valsaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 [immersed in wood with necks emerging through the bark]

Euonymus may be associated with more taxa listed at higher taxonomic level

References