BioImages: The Virtual Field-Guide (UK)

Leymus arenarius (L.) Hochst. (Lyme-grass)

Suggested Literature

Leymus arenarius may be covered by literature listed under:

Feeding and other inter-species relationships

Associated with Leymus arenarius:

	(live)	live is parasitised by	Blumeria graminis - Grass Mildew (Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae)		Ing, B., 1990
		is foodplant of larva	Demetrias monostigma - a ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae)		Bullock, J.A., 1992
		is associate of fruitbody	Rhodocybe gemina - a toadstool (Agaricales: Entolomataceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
	culm (esp surrounding internodes) (live)	live culm (esp surrounding internodes) is parasitised by long, linear, erumpent sorus	Ustilago hypodytes - Stem Smut Of Grasses (Ustilaginales: Ustilaginaceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
	debris (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed debris is decayed by fruitbody	Mycena chlorantha - a bonnet (Agaricales: Tricholomataceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
	inflorescence (live)	live inflorescence is spotted by linear, long covered by epidermis telium	Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis - a rust fungus (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	inflorescence	inflorescence is parasitised by Sphacelia anamorph	Claviceps purpurea - Ergot (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	inflorescence	inflorescence may be infected and damaged by sclerotium	Claviceps purpurea - Ergot (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by pycnidium of Coniothyrium coelomycetous anamorph	Coniothyrium psammae - a coelomycete (Pleosporales: Leptosphaeriaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by immersed pseudothecium	Keissleriella culmifida - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Lophiostomataceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by immersed pseudothecium	Phaeosphaeria marram - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium	Phaeosphaeria nigrans - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Stagonospora arenaria var. minor - a coelomycete (Pleosporales)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by perithecium	Anthostomella arenaria - a pyrenomycete (Xylariales: Xylariaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by clypeate perithecium	Anthostomella chionostoma - a pyrenomycete (Xylariales: Xylariaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (dry, dead)	dry, dead leaf is decayed by superficial perithecium	Niesslia exosporioides - a pyrenomycete (Hypocreales: Niessliaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous telium	Puccinia elymi - a rust fungus (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by uredium	Puccinia elymi - a rust fungus (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by linear, mainly epiphyllous uredium	Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis - a rust fungus (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 [causes yellowed areas]
	leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by linear, long covered by epidermis telium	Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis - a rust fungus (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	leaf (live, blistered)	live, blistered leaf is spotted by long, linear, erumpent sorus	Ustilago hypodytes - Stem Smut Of Grasses (Ustilaginales: Ustilaginaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 [may prevent flowering]
	leaf (live, blistered)	live, blistered leaf is spotted by long, linear, erumpent sorus	Ustilago serpens - a stripe smut of grasses (Ustilaginales: Ustilaginaceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
	leaf	leaf is spotted by immersed, crowded or in rows pycnidium of Pseudoseptoria coelomycetous anamorph	Pseudoseptoria donacis - a coelomycete		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 [Spots mostly near leaf edges and tips, oval, 2-5mm long, very pale brown or grey, with narrow purplish-brown borders]
	sheath	sheath is spotted by immersed, crowded or in rows pycnidium of Pseudoseptoria coelomycetous anamorph	Pseudoseptoria donacis - a coelomycete		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 [Spots mostly near leaf edges and tips, oval, 2-5mm long, very pale brown or grey, with narrow purplish-brown borders]
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by immersed pseudothecium	Keissleriella culmifida - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Lophiostomataceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by pseudothecium	Massariosphaeria rubelloides - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Lophiostomataceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by pseudothecium	Massariosphaeria rubicunda - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Lophiostomataceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium	Phaeosphaeria graminis - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium	Phaeosphaeria nigrans - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by pseudothecium	Phaeosphaeria vagans - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by pycnidium of Hendersonia coelomycetous anamorph	Phaeosphaeria vagans - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by immersed pseudothecium	Pleospora phaeocomoides - an ascomycete (Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Stagonospora arenaria var. minor - a coelomycete (Pleosporales)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by erumpent apothecium	Lophodermium culmigenum - a discomycete (Rhytismatales: Rhytismataceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by colony of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Apiospora montagnei - an ascomycete fungus (Apiosporaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by colony of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Arthrinium phaeospermum - a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus (Apiosporaceae)		Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (live)	live stem is spotted by linear, long covered by epidermis telium	Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis - a rust fungus (Uredinales: Pucciniaceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
	stem (usu. near base) (dead)	dead stem (usu. near base) is decayed by fruitbody	Hohenbuehelia culmicola - Marram Oyster (Agaricales: Pleurotaceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 [fruitbodies small and often hidden in sand]
	stem (usu. near base) (dying)	dying stem (usu. near base) is decayed by fruitbody	Hohenbuehelia culmicola - Marram Oyster (Agaricales: Pleurotaceae)		Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 [fruitbodies small and often hidden in sand]

Leymus arenarius may be associated with more taxa listed at higher taxonomic level

References